I just close "The Making of daughters of Jules Ferry in the pill " (Rebecca Rogers and Francoise Thebaud).
A fascinating book recounting, through contemporary documents, development of girls' education from the late 19th century.
photos, archive footage, diaries, excerpts from medical journals, newspapers, information or documents permit, so very practical to make the journey.
Until the late 19th century, girls were "educated" in another world, far from the boys, of course, they enjoyed virtually no transmission of knowledge.
popular girls were home from childhood, sent to the factory to work 18 hours a day (like boys in this environment).
No education issue, then. These girls had no children, let alone a teenager. They became mostly mothers, which added to their curse, bondage alienating them still a little more. A testimony of a person touched me: she says she still would rather go to the grave to remember her youth. She says, simply, never been happier.
Girls bourgeois and middle classes, they were sent to the convent from an early age.
The State wanted, gradually extricate the girls from the hands of the Church. Not by feminism but by political choice: These girls bourgeois, leaving the convent, had the brain empty only fed devotional readings. Maintained a virginal innocence as long as possible, in ignorance total of their bodies in shame and the startling discovery of puberty.
"I had never seen adults dressed hermetic; myself outside of my bathroom-Louise and I then rubbed with a force which forbade any complacency we had learned not look at my body, change clothes without getting discovered. In my world, the flesh had no right to exist. Yet I had known the sweetness of mother's arms ... " (Simone de Beauvoir, Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter)
Physicians also notes mines stunted girls, their backs arched, their sad and withdrawn. (It Just look at the class pictures in the convent ... we just feel that the girls want to hang! We understand why suicide is a sin ...)
Often abused and held in a blind devotion to God, a good time to marry, their poor health (physical and mental) often makes little "operational" Towards Sex strong. He did not
be educating his daughters with the idea to teach them to think (it will come much, much later), but in order to make wives and mothers. The state also says that girls are not meant to become religious, but to give birth. It will therefore seek
, gradually, to "educate" the girls for this purpose; by imposing very strict moral standards, the school will teach them first, from an early age, how to serve their fathers, their brothers. From childhood, therefore, they are conditioned to obey their husband, to keep their homes and homemaking knowledge.
(you can read the excerpt from the book of French compositions of my great-grandmother, who was at the convent, which I posted last year on my blog, and is inspiring ... !)
activity Sport will be gradually allowed, however it must be neither too busy nor competitor. (Doctors also were alarmed that the bicycle could give "sensations voluptuous" girls ... just like the throbbing foot movements to activate the sewing machine ...-sic-) In summary
flexibility exercises, suitable for girls, should enable them to give birth to healthier French, capable of fighting the enemy (the influence of eugenics and hygienists).
The woman will, throughout the early 20th century, all his holy mission: giving son to France.
It will have lessons on the domestic arts, will gradually see anything other than prayers, but will continue long into the ultra-normative frameworks. Everything to paste goals pronatalist France.
Then the second world war will be more independent, more power to women. Until the liberation, they will work instead of men. But then they will be returned to their homes, or simply accepted in professions "suitable" for women.
May 1968 has been a revolt against the rigidity of manners, initiated by the youth of both sexes, but that will have positive consequences, Finally, especially for men. Women will therefore subsequently with the MLF, begin to really take in hand, with the events fondateursqu'on knows.
~ ~
This book is very easy to read as largely composed of documents. It traces the history of our great-grandmothers, grandmothers and mothers.
is our history, both women and men, and I'll store it in my library, next to the novels of Zola, the integral of the Comtesse de Segur, from "Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter." .. that teach us so much on the Status of Women in the 20th century.
I do read to my children in a few years and make them realize how far women's liberation is new is fragile.
was lucky to live in France today. Education is egalitarian, girls have the same rights as boys. But after reading a book like this, I can not help but look at our situation from a distance:
Women today are still framed by a bunch of new standards: they suffer enormous stress on physical appearance. A woman who is not married or who has no children, more than thirty years, remains very poorly received. Motherhood is revered and idealized. Injunctions to freedom, independence, swarm (yes, "injunctions" and "freedom" are antagonistic). The woman must be a wonder-woman, simply.
And those who do their own thing really, dare to make choices that suit them, they only define what their own freedom, and do not conform to what they want for a well-demanding, are not that many, really. And much more disturbing.
In short: A book to put in the hands of all young girls, but also their brothers.
PS: I NEVER returns my man's shirts, the fact is it is great it is withdrawable uille. He can even eat and bathe alone! -. Moreover, to be precise, I do not ever returns at all. Well I'm still very surprised to see how, Aujour of hui, this may shock a lot of good women around me. Yes, in 2011.
To see some photos and excerpts: Read the article Point
photos from the book:
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